Non-reader

=Strategies for Struggling Readers= media type="custom" key="7472375"media type="custom" key="7478273" width="72" height="72"

What you can do to help the "Non-Reader"

 * evaluate for listening comprehension level versus reading comprehension level to assess comprehension skills,
 * never engage the class in "round robin" reading activities
 * evaluate word recognition in isolation versus word recognition in text to assess word analysis skills.
 * provide any essential information aloud or on tapes/mp3 as the learner follows the print
 * use oral or video/movie activities to supplement written activities
 * provide a learning environment that does not constantly stretch the student's level of competency and utilizes the limited areas of strength.
 * provide extensive, consistent models of literacy within the student's grasp.
 * provide concrete examples, organizers and demonstrations. Relate and connect ideas, vocabulary, and skills. Avoid "drill and kill".
 * structure cooperative group activities that include a role requiring less 'traditional' literacy skill - skits, raps, cartoons or visuals.
 * assess learning in non-written ways whenever possible: models, or demonstrations.

Strategies you can use to help the "Non-Reader"

 * arrange for this student to read easy books to younger students
 * group or individual pre-reading: activate prior knowledge and predict an outcome.
 * try shared reading with a partner to share responsibility for active reading.
 * work in cooperative groups for focused and specific purposes related to inferential comprehension.
 * give numerous opportunities to work with peer to "fill in the gaps" in comprehension.
 * use computer programs and other technology resources to support word analysis and comprehension.
 * work with combinations of text and audio/video.
 * use "telling boards" where they can draw simple 'stick figure sketches' based on their ideas or information they find in text. Use visual organizers instead of trying to record using words.
 * stress ideas and organization/;structure when encountering text.
 * provide opportunities for re-readings and choral reading.
 * use a Readers Theatre approach to create interest and build skills in reading. Use text as a "script" - spice it up with simple 'costumes' or 'sets'. Repeated 'performances' (readings) bring fluency.
 * All students in your classroom do not need to work on the same Readers Theatre script. Choose scripts that are appropriate for your students’ reading levels, and group your students accordingly. Read the Readers Theatre selection aloud to each group of students prior to having them work on it with their group, modelling effective oral reading using appropriate intonation and spacing. This also serves to give the students exposure to the text before having to read it themselves. Then, have students do their own “first read” silently and independently. While reading it independently, students underline any words that they __cannot read or do not understand__. Then, have individual or small group conferences with students to ensure that they have a grasp of those words prior to working with their group.
 * use [|Precision Reading] model from Dr. Rick Freeze at the University of Manitoba - information and resources available from Diane in Learning Services
 * try the Groups at Work: __Tweets strategy__ - a way of closing an activity by having pairs of students write up a tweet (max of 40 characters) either online on Today's meet or offline on an index card. This tweet can either be an exit card or even shared with a small/large group of students. Make sure you give a short time frame for the completion of the tweet!
 * make use of this Groups at Work strategy: __A-B Each Teach__- is a paired reading strategy where each partner reads and teaches the other to develop clear understandings and concrete examples from the material. Partner off A's and B's, pair up and explain that each partner will read a segment of a larger selection and prepare to teach the info to his/her partner. Provide 10 minutes for reading and preparing to teach. Requirements for each partner: have a summary statement, some key points and a concrete example/application to the class activity (if possible). After 10 minutes, give each partner 2 minutes to Each Teach.
 * Prior to the task, teachers and students should co-create criteria for each of those requirements. For example, a //powerful// summary statement is one that tells about the big idea of reading passage, without talking about specific details.
 * employ this Groups at Work strategy: __Focused Reading__ - directly engages students with the text, asking them to compare and contrast their prioir knowledge with newer information. Introduce the students to the reading annotations of: / "got it. I know or understand this", ? "this is really important information", ! = "I need more explanation/clarification". Assign a text passage for reading and marking (with the above annotations). After reading, organize pairs or groups of 4 to share and compare their responses.
 * [|Text-Visual TC2 Strategies] in the Tools for Thought section for K-12 students. They are well laid out with explanations and exemplars of critical thinking lessons!! (PSD has a password to access, ask your AISI person for it)

====** Give the student chances to "publish" his/her own work and "tell" him/her what he/she knows about a subject that interests them. Motivation will occur when he/she can successfully get their own ideas down on paper/word processor! **====

TOOLBOX (in your handouts)
1. **Assess and Conquer** 2. **Predicting ABC** 3. **K.I.M. (or KIC)** 4. **I'll Pause, You Think** 5. **What Do You Expect?** 6. **Text Investigation**


 * ONLINE and with APPS **

1. **Voice recording** - [|voki], [|vocaroo], [|audacity] (this one can be pushed to your computers by IT), MicNote chrome app, [|GoAnimate] (combine your voice with cartoon images)

- [|Announcify] chrome extension - reads any online text

- [|AudioNote lite]  - handwrite notes, type, audio record (10 mins per note, 2 hours total). Full version has unlimited recording and sharing of notes over WiFi and email.

- [|Dragon Dictation]  - voice recognition (speech to text), can be sent via email, Facebook, Twitter. Edit via keyboard. Must have WiFi to use.

- [| iPadio]  - (app and online) phonecast live to the web, turns audio into text, moderation is easy.

- [|Ω][| Recorder] - record any audio, title it, stays on iPad

- Read&Write for Google/Gold

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Siri – voice personal assistant on iOS devices

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Sound Cloud]/Audioboo apps <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> - capture sounds on the go, send out to Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, Email + add image.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- [|Sound Gecko] chrome extension will capture any text and change it into audio delivered to your email.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- [|Speak It!] Chrome extension

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Voice Note II Chrome extension

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Chrome Google Doc Add-on > Speech recognition

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">2. **Video activities** - [|LearnAlberta], [|Discovery Education Canada], [|Youtube], [|Teachertube], [|Animoto Edu]

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- 2Learn: <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|2IncludeMe] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> - <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Reading tools] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> - Owl ebooks

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- [|Rewordify] – input text and have it simplify the language used

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Text Compactor] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> (also use with RWGv10 or Notes App with Speak accessibility feature)

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Adobe Voice iOS app

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- iMovie iOS app

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- WeVideo Chrome app

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">3. **Concrete examples, organizers, demos** - Smartboard Notebook, Inspiration, Kidspiration, Microsoft Word, [|Bubblus], [|Wordle], [|Student Interactives] from readwritethink and ReadWorks.org

<span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- [|CloudOn] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> - open Microsoft Office, .pdf, .jpg files from DropBox, Box, Drive to create, edit files on iPad.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- [|Creately]/[|Lucidchart] chrome apps for organizing information/ideas

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Educreations]/ShowMe apps <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> - recordable whiteboard with ink, drawing, audio. Videos can be stored on Educreations.com with public/private settings.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- LitCharts (app and <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|online] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">) + Text Compactor/TLDR and Speak accessibility feature/Speak It!/Read&Write for Google

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Popplet lite] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> - brainstorm, create diagrams. Limited to one popplet. Full version costs $4.99 that allows for unlimited popplets.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- A YouTube created playlist

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">4. **Audio books** - [|Podiobooks], Listen and Read, Starfall, [|Librivox], [|AudioOwl and BooksShouldBeFree], [|LearnOutLoud], [|Stony Plain]/[|Spruce Grove]/[|Edmonton Public Librairies] Overdrive subscriptions to download to computer/device, [|Tumblebooks] (if you have a library card, its free), [|Raz Kids], [|BookFlix] (free thru learnalberta), [|TeachingBooks] (free thru learnalberta), [|Into the Book]

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Audiobooks] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> lite - 2800+ free audiobooks

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Audible] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> - 100 000+ audiobooks (cost to download, excerpts are free)

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Google Play Books - read to you on your Android or iOS devices

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Overdrive] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> app

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- QR code reader ( <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Bakodo] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">, <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|i-nigma] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">, <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|BeeTagg] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">) linked to an Audiobook, text, passage....

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Read&Write for Google chrome extension > play

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- [|Storyline Online]

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Speak It! chrome extension

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|TextGrabber] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> ($0.99) + Notes + Speak accessibility feature - take a picture of a piece of text, TextGrabber OCR’s it, then you can highlight this text, copy it and paste into Notes. From there highlight and choose Speak feature.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">5. **Word analysis** - [|Visual Thesaurus], [|VocabGrabber], [|Lexipedia], [|Visuwords]

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Wikipanion] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> + Speak accessibility feature - access Wikipedia on your iDevice!

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Wikipedia] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Simple English

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|The Enchanted Dictionary 7-12th Grade] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> - over 8oo definitions, many sub categories and content areas. $1.99.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">6. **Publish work** - set up an early years blog at [|Kidblog] or use the EasyBlogjr app to get early years students blogging from the iPad to their edublog, Middle years/HS blog at [|Edublogs], or even a wiki at Wikispaces, [|Storybird], [|PhotoStory 3].

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Canva Chrome app- create posters, flyers, brochures

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Edublog jr iOS app that connects with edublogs allowing students to publish online easily via the iPad

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- [|Fotobabble] iOS app– use an image and add audio to it, send via email, post…

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Lucidpress chrome app - desktop publishing

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Thinglink online interactive poster

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Tumblr] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> - microblogging via text, pic, link, quote, audio, video. Can set up a class tumblr account where students could email info directly into Tumblr. OR, have own Tumblr account. This is a tool that I recommend when teachers are interested in blogging but are scared to use Wordpress, Blogger.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">- <span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;">[|Videolicious] <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 10pt;"> - choose a video theme, pick up to 10 images, create a video response for up to 50 seconds, choose some music and then videolicious finishes it for you.

OTHER RESOURCES


Struggling Readers website from Reading Rockets

REFERENCES:
<span style="color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Allen, J., (1999). //<span style="color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Words, Words, Words //<span style="color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif;">. York: Stenhouse Publishers.

<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Allen, J., (2000). //<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Yellow Brick Roads //<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">. York: Stenhouse Publishers.

<span style="color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif; line-height: 17.75pt; margin: 0in;">Allen. J., (2008). //More Tools for Teaching Content Literacy//. York: Stenhouse Publishers.

<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Caldwell, J., & Leslie, L. (2009). //<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Intervention Strategies to Follow Informal // //<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Reading Inventory Assessment //<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">. Boston: Pearson.

<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Chapman, C., & King, R. (2003). //<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Differentiated Instructional Strategies for Reading in the Content Areas //<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">. Thousand Oaks: Corwin Press.

<span style="color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif; line-height: 17.75pt; margin: 0in;">Cunningham, et al. (1998). //Month-by-Month Phonics for Upper Grades: A Second Chance for Struggling Readers and Students Learning English//. Greensboro, NC: Carson-Dellosa Pub.

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif; line-height: 17.75pt; margin: 0in;">Lipton, L. & Wellman, B. (2011). //Groups at Work//. Sherman, CT. MiraVia, LLC

<span style="color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif; line-height: 17.75pt; margin: 0in;">Nelson Levelled Books Catalogue. (2004). //Struggling and Reluctant Reader Resources – Grades 4-8//. Thomas Nelson.

<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif; line-height: 17.75pt; margin: 0in;">Peter Pappas [|Blog site] (Peter and Patricia developed most of the points and offline handouts)

<span style="color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Spence, C., (2006). //<span style="color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Creating a Literacy Environment for Boys //<span style="color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif;">. Australia: Thomson/Nelson

<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Tankersley, K., (2005). //<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Literacy Strategies for Grades 4-12 //<span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;">. City: Association for Supervision & Curriculum Deve.

<span style="color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Wormeli, R., (2004). //<span style="color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif;">Summarization in Any Subject //<span style="color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif;">. City: Association for Supervision & Curriculum Deve.

**<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #006600; font-family: Georgia,serif;">GREEN= **<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black; font-family: Georgia,serif;"> we have it in the PSD Resource Centre Library